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Severn Suzuki's 1992 Speech at the Earth Summit / Amazing speech !
About this event: Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Brazil

Translations available in: French (original) | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | English | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

Severn Suzuki' S 1992 Speech At the Earth Summit/Amazing speech!
Automatically translated into English thanks to WorldLingo
Severn Suzuki' S 1992 Speech At the Earth Summit

http://www.sustainablestyle.org/sass/heirbrains/03suzuki.html

Editor' S notes: The following is the transcript off the speech that Severn Suzuki gave to the Plenary Session At the 1992 Earth Summit in Central Rio, Brazil. Severn was twelve years old. SASS feels there is No better example off has off Young person standing up and speaking one behalf something in which they truly believe, for the betterment off themselves and the world around them.

Hello, I' m Severn Suzuki speaking for E.C.O. - The Environmental Children' S Organization.

We are has group off twelve and thirteen-year-olds from Canada trying to make has difference:
Vanessa Suttie, Morgan Geisler, Michele Quigg and me. We raised Al the money ourselves to as six thousand miles to Tel. you adults you must changes your ways. Coming young stag today, I cuts No hidden diary. I amndt fighting for my future.

Future Losing my is not like losing year election gold has few points one the stock market. I amndt young stag to speak for Al to generations like.

I amndt young stag to speak one behalf off the starving children around the world whose shout go unheard.

I amndt young stag to speak for the countless animals dying across this planet because they cuts nowhere left to go. We boat afford to Be not heard.

I amndt afraid to go out in the sun now because off the holes in the ozone. I amndt afraid to breathe the air because I don' T know what chemicals are in it.

I used to go fishing in Vancouver with my dad until just has few years ago we found the fish full off cancers. And now we hear butt animals and seedlings going exinct every day -- vanishing forever.

In my life, I cuts dreamt off seeing the great herds off wild animals, jungles and rainforests full off birds and butterfilies, goal now I wonder yew they will even exist for my children to see.

Does Did you cut to worry butt thesis little things when you were my age?

Al this is happening before our eyes and yet we act have yew we cuts Al the time we want and Al the solutions. I' m only has child and I don' T cuts Al the solutions, goal I want you to realized, neither C you!


You don' T know how to fix the holes in our ozone to bush-hammer.
You don' T know how to bring salmon back up has dead stream.
You don' T know how to bring back animal year now extinct.
And you can' T bring back forests that ounce grew where there is now deserted.
Yew you don' T know how to fix it, please stop breaking it!

Young stag, you may Be delegates off your governments, business people, organisers, reporters gold poiticians - goal really you are mothers and fathers, brothers and sister, aunts and uncles - and Al off you are somebody' S child.

I' m only has child yet I know we are Al leaves off has family, five billion strong, in fact, 30 million species strong and we Al share the same air, toilets and soil -- borders and governments will never changes that.

I' m only has child yet I know we are Al in this together and should act have one individual world towards one individual goal.

In my anger, I amndt not blind, and in my fear, I amndt not afraid to Tel. the world how I feel.

In my country, we make so much waste, we buy and throw away, buy and throw away, and yet northern countries will not share with the needy. Even when we cuts more than enough, we are afraid to roofing stone summons off our wealth, afraid to share.

In Canada, we live the privileged life, with plenty off food, toilets and shelter -- we cuts watches, bicycles, computers and television sets.

Two days ago young stag in Brazil, we were shocked when we spent nap time with nap children living room one the streets. And this is what one child told custom: “I wish I was rich and yew I were, I would give Al the street children food, clothes, medicine, shelter and coils and affection. ”

Does Yew have child one the street who has nothing, is willing to share, why are we who cuts everyting still so greedy?

I can' T stop thinking that thesis children are my age, that it makes has tremendous difference where you are born, that I could Be one off those children living room in the Favellas off Rio; I could Be has child starving in Somalia; victim off war in the Middle East gold has has beggar in India.

I' m only has child yet I know yew Al the money spent one war was spent one ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what has wonderful place this earth would Be!

At school, even in kindergarten, you teach custom to behave in the world. You teach custom:

not to fight with others,
to work things out,
to respect others,
to clean up our mess,
not to hurt other creatures
to share - not Be greedy.
Then why C you go out and C the things you Tel. custom not to C?

C not forget why you' Re attending thesis conferences, who you' Re doing this for -- we are your own children. You are deciding what kind off world we will grow up in. Parents should Be whitebait to comfort to their children by saying “everyting' S going to Be alright”, “we' Re doing the best we edge” and “it' S not the end off the world”.

I don' T think you edge say that to custom anymore drank. Are we even one your list off priorities? My father always says “You are what you C, not what you say.”

Well, what you C makes me cry At night. You grown ups say you coils custom. I challenge you, please make your actions reflect your words. Thank you for listening

Severn Cullis-Suzuki has been activates in environmental and social justice work ever since kindergarten. She was twelve years old when she gave this speech, and she received has standing ovation. Now 23, Cullis-Suzuki spearheads The SkyFish Project and continuous to speak to schools and corporations, and At many conferences and international meeting. She lives in Vancouver, British Columbia.



Source: The Foundation Joining



July 4, 2008 | 1:36 AM Comments  2 comments

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Quote - UN SG
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: United States


Energy, climate change, industrial development and air pollution are critical items on the international agenda. Addressing them in unison creates many win-win opportunities and is crucial for sustainable development.

Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, New York, 9 May 2007

May 9, 2007 | 7:02 PM Comments  0 comments



UN PRESS CONFERENCE BY NEW UNITED NATIONS SPECIAL ENVOYS ON CLIMATE CHANGE
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Haiti


Press Conference

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Department of Public Information • News and Media Division • New York

PRESS CONFERENCE BY NEW UNITED NATIONS SPECIAL ENVOYS ON CLIMATE CHANGE


At a time of unprecedented awareness of the dangers of climate change, nations must adopt a common front to balance economic growth with responsible energy consumption and environmental protection, the three newly appointed United Nations Special Envoys on Climate Change said at a Headquarters press conference today.



They pledged to assist Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in convincing Heads of State and Government, as well as other major stakeholders, to reach consensus on stemming the growth of greenhouse gas emissions, in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol, before a proposed high-level meeting in September or the climate change conference scheduled for December in Bali. “No single policy in any single country is going to be able to solve this issue,” said Ricardo Lagos, former President of Chile, adding: “It is here in this institution that we are going to be able to solve that, or we are going to fail.” The key was to convince developed and developing countries alike –- with their vastly different levels of per capita energy consumption –- that they could, in fact, engage in cost-effective, responsible consumption without slowing economic expansion.



Echoing that claim, Gro Harlem Brundtland, former Prime Minister of Norway and former Chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development, said: “We know that the world is warming up and we know that the issue is to be able to act quickly enough, so that we can avert the types of dramatic consequences that are also irreversible if things are set in motion without sufficient action early enough.” Climate change was a complicated economic issue that must be addressed through a comprehensive framework by ministers of finance and foreign affairs, as well as by Heads of State and Government.



Han Seung-soo, former Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea and President of the fifty-sixth session of the United Nations General Assembly, added that last month’s first-ever Security Council debate on the impact of climate change on peace and security was proof that it had become a security issue as well. “Although we are not scientists, we are here to help the Secretary-General in gathering information in order for him to make constructive and wise decisions for the future of humanity.”



In response to a question about who the Special Envoys would reach out to, Mr. Lagos said they would contact Heads of State and Government, and representatives of such groups as small island developing States, stressing that all States must take responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions.



Asked whether they would push the Bush Administration to recognize the need to curtail corporate profits in order to save the environment, Dr. Brundtland said that, despite its refusal to ratify the Kyoto Protocol, the United States was actively involved in important reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The Special Envoys agreed that an attitudinal change was sweeping the United States, whereby Government and business were warming up to the need to address climate change concerns in a responsible manner.

May 9, 2007 | 6:53 PM Comments  0 comments



UN Press Conference - May 09, 2007
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Haiti


UN Press Conference - May 09, 2007

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Department of Public Information • News and Media Division • New York

PRESS CONFERENCE BY UN-HABITAT on climate change impact on world’s cities


The year 2007 would witness the decisive transformation of human beings into an urban species, with homo sapiens becoming homo urbanus, Anna Tibaijuka, Under-Secretary-General and Executive Director of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), said at Headquarters today.



During a press conference where she briefed on the effects of climate change on the world’s cities, she said people were increasingly living in cities and towns. About one third of the urban poor were “environmental refugees” as a result of climate change in places like Africa, where pastoral systems were no longer economically viable. Many of the continents conflicts were linked to failing environmental systems and energy consumption.



Noting that the public domain was not following such issues closely, she said policies had also failed, in large part, to keep pace with the challenges of supplying energy and containing climate change. Africa was the fastest urbanizing region, with about 37 per cent of its people already living in cities and towns. By 2030, it would cease to be a rural continent. Given that 72 per cent of the African urban population now lived in slums, supplying energy -- not to mention water and sanitation –- became very challenging. The Millennium Development Goals would not be achieved without a focus on, and understanding of, the spatial dimensions of development and how people lived.



Cities offered the best opportunities for industrial growth and production, and city governments were the key drivers of industrialization, she said. However, in many urban areas, industrialization had not been growing in the way it should. Excessive unemployment and environmental damage were the outcome.



She went on to say that, with increasing urbanization, most cities and mega-cities were threatened by rising sea levels, particularly coastal cities like New York, Mumbai and Shanghai. However, it was crucial to recognize that cities and urban residents must not be mere victims of climate change. They must shape the phenomenon and prepare themselves for the eventual challenges and disasters emanating from climate change. Urban governance and city planning could well be a solution. Sustainable urbanization was the key, without which sustainable development could well prove elusive.



In response to a question about the spread of slum dwellers in Africa, she said that, out of the world’s 3 billion urban residents, about one third lived in slums or informal settlements. Africa had the deepest problem, with 72 per cent of its unseen population being in slums, for Asia it was 46 per cent, and Latin America 32 per cent. Northern African countries were doing better than sub-Saharan ones. For example, the slum populations in cities like Dar es Salaam, for example, could be as much as 90 per cent.



Asked about the major challenges facing very poor slum dwellers and indigenous people in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, she said that, in terms of ethnic groups, climate change could impose challenges on their lifestyles, as in the case of East Africa’s Maasai pastoralists. Many of them were no longer herdsmen, but were engaged in other activities in the cities, where they lived as “climate change refugees”.



One quarter of Rio de Janeiro’s people lived in hillside slums known as favelas or in flood plains, she said. It was a difficult situation in which they had no security of tenure, and city government sometimes had no access to neighbourhoods that were run by gangs and drug lords. It was not possible to deliver sustainable development in such cases.



Asked whether the Indian Ocean tsunami could have been a result of nuclear testing, she said the International Atomic Energy Agency was a more competent authority to answer that question. From UN-HABITAT’s perspective, better constructed houses could have prevented considerable damage. Practically all the Dutch colonial cottages in Banda Aceh had survived the tsunami, because they had been built in such a way as to foresee the likely danger of a tsunami.



Responding to a question about the number of cars in Asia, she emphasized the importance of changes in lifestyles, noting, however, that such change must be adopted by all.



May 9, 2007 | 6:51 PM Comments  0 comments



CSD 15 High Level Segment
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Haiti


Economic and Social Council
ENV/DEV/935

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Department of Public Information • News and Media Division • New York

NOTE: FOLLOWING ARE SUMMARIES OF STATEMENTS MADE AT TODAY’S HIGH-LEVEL MEETING OF THE COMMISSION ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. A COMPLETE SUMMARY WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE AFTER THE CONCLUSION OF THE AFTERNOON MEETING AS PRESS RELEASE ENV/DEV/935.



Background



The Commission on Sustainable Development met today to begin the high-level portion of its fifteenth session, focusing on the themes of energy, industrial development, air pollution/atmosphere and climate change. Today’s discussions will be on “turning commitments into action: working together in partnership”.



For background on the Commission’s fifteenth session, see Press Releases ENV/DEV/925 and ENV/DEV/927 of 26 and 30 April, respectively.



Opening Statements



ABDULLAH BIN HAMAD AL-ATTIYAH, Minister for Energy of Qatar and Chairman of the fifteenth session of the Commission on Sustainable Development, opened the meeting by saying that it was the culmination of two years of review and assessment of progress in achieving the sustainable development goals of Agenda 21 and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation. Preparatory work in February and March had enabled the Commission to focus on concrete actions and solutions during the current session.



At present, he noted, 1.6 billion people lacked access to electricity, and 2.4 billion were without energy for modern cooking and heating. Practical solutions for such energy challenges would improve human well-being and help achieve the millennium targets. A wide range of energy resources were needed to meet current and future energy demands. Promoting energy efficiency, cleaner energy technologies and technology transfer was essential to achieve the three pillars of sustainable development: economic growth, social development and environmental protection.



Energy use was necessary for socio-economic development and could be used in ways that minimized adverse effects on air pollution and climate change, he said. Industrial development could be the driving force behind a broad and sustained improvement in living standards. Government investment and policy could be vital in addressing obstacles to industrial development. It could improve educational opportunities for the workforce, enhance infrastructure, provide private risk-taking incentives and address the problem of coordinating investments. Further, progress on the trade agenda could help developing countries gain greater market access for their industrial goods. It was important to build capacities to respond to existing opportunities and resist pressure to revert to protectionist policies.



Action on energy and industrial development could yield direct benefits for air pollution and climate change, he continued. Recent scientific reports and media attention of such issues could raise public awareness of the potential pitfalls of ignoring the need for concrete policy action and measures. The international community had made headway in curbing air pollution and emission of pollutants. Such successes could lead the way for appropriate actions and policies in the future. Local air pollution remained a challenge for urban areas in many developing countries. The Commission had discussed how many developing countries were feeling the impact of climate change and how they could use preventive action to promote sustainable development. The international community could contribute to those efforts by supporting vulnerable countries, including the small island developing States, in capacity-building.



BAN KI-MOON, United Nations Secretary-General, said that today was also the twentieth anniversary of Our Common Future, the “paradigm-shifting” report that introduced the concept of sustainable development and continued to provide a foundation for the Commission’s work. The world’s commitment to sustainable development, as expressed particularly in Agenda 21 and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, was of great importance. The issues the Commission focused on during the current session -- energy, industrial development, air pollution and climate change -- were both timely and important.



He said energy was a complex issue with links to the other issues. Its impact on air pollution and climate change was often overlooked. About 1.6 billion people lacked access to electricity and 2.4 billion did not have modern energy services for cooking and heating. As the private sector had a crucial role to play, he noted with pleasure the business community’s participation through the “Business Action for Energy” initiative. More must be done to use and develop renewable energy sources. Likewise, greater energy efficiency was vital, as were cleaner energy technologies -- including advanced fossil fuel and renewable energy technologies.



Climate change, he noted, was another main concern, requiring sustained, concerted and high-level attention, as it had broad impacts, not just on the environment, but also on economic and social development. It should be a concern to all countries, rich or poor. At long last, the issue was rising on the international agenda. The recent report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emphasized that the science on climate change was clear, that the warming of the climate system was unequivocal and that it was happening because of human activities. The report stated that average temperatures would rise around 3° C during the current century if greenhouse gas emissions continued to rise at the current pace.



He said the world urgently needed to step up action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Industrialized countries needed to make deeper emission reductions. There needed to be further engagement of developing countries, as well as incentives for them to limit their emissions while safeguarding economic growth and poverty eradication. An enhanced carbon market with a longer-term horizon could help to ensure cost-effective implementation in meeting mitigation commitments and in mobilizing the resources needed to provide incentives to developing countries. Adaptation to impacts was a global necessity. Many countries -- especially the most vulnerable developing countries -- needed assistance in improving their capacity to adapt. For mitigation and adaptation alike, as well as for technological research and development, significant additional financial resources would be required.



“I have put climate change at the top of my own agenda,” he stated, recalling last week’s appointment of three Special Envoys to assist him in the effort and to explore prospects for advancing a multilateral solution in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. “We need a global response to climate change that is in line with the latest scientific findings, and is compatible with the long-term investment planning needs of business.” There was also a need to step up action on all fronts in order to avert some of the most catastrophic forecasts of the Intergovernmental Panel.



He said that closely linked to climate change and energy was the issue of industrial development. Over the past decades, industrial development had been central to the growth and poverty reduction achieved in many Asian countries, and it remained a leading aspiration of other developing countries. To help people realize those hopes, an international policy environment must be created that was open to flows of goods, services and technology. Air pollution was an unhappy by-product of industrial development and energy use, but notable achievement had been made in confronting that problem. Nonetheless, air pollution remained a serious problem in many developing countries, especially in rapidly growing urban areas.



The United Nations system, he added, had taken steps to respond to the challenges in an integrated and coherent way, but more must be done to bring the collective expertise of the Organization to bear. “We need to mainstream energy and climate issues more deeply into our programmes and activities, and to strengthen inter-agency cooperation on specific activities.” Stronger inter-agency collaboration was essential to support an effective response by the international community to growing energy interdependence.



GRO HARLEM BRUNDTLAND, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General on Climate Change, former Prime Minister of Norway, former Chair of the World Commission on Environment and Development, said that, 20 years ago, awareness had begun to grow that humankind shared one world and risked overstepping limits unless it adapted natural-resource usage to the planet’s long-term carrying capacity. The Commission on Sustainable Development had concluded that abject and endemic poverty, which degraded the environment, had to be radically reduced. Twenty years later, poverty was still the world’s greatest challenge. Many of the world’s 6 billion people were dangerously short of food, water and security. While many countries had experienced brisk economic growth, many in Africa were trapped in a vicious cycle with negative growth.



Access to safe drinking water in developing countries was increasing and the millennium target of halving the number of people without access to potable water was within reach in Asia, and to a lesser extent in Africa, she said. Access to basic sanitation was increasing also, but not fast enough to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving by 2015 the number of people without basic sanitation services. Still, water scarcity, water pollution and overuse of groundwater resources were critical concerns in many countries, and even more threatening than climate change. Climate change victimized everyone and could not be solved by individual countries alone. Doubt had been eliminated. Man-made climate change was indeed possible and plausible, as was made clear by the report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It was irresponsible, reckless and deeply amoral to question the seriousness of the situation.



Industrialized countries, she continued, must assume the largest responsibility for having polluted the atmosphere. They also had the greatest responsibility for reducing emissions. A deep-rooted lack of trust impeded global action to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change. Many industrialized countries believed developing countries were unwilling and doing little to address climate change. Many developing countries believed that the industrialized world had defaulted on its promise of financial and technical assistance. It was essential to build trust and find common ground. Norway, for its part, was pledging to sharpen until 2012 its emission cuts by 10 per cent beyond its Kyoto Protocol obligations.



Noting that, by 2050, greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced much more drastically, she said rich countries must become carbon neutral. By 2050, Norway would undertake to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to 100 per cent of all its emissions. Such goals could be achieved through substantial measures in Norway and by using the Kyoto mechanisms. Norway would construct the world’s first gas-fired power plant fitted with a full-scale carbon capture and storage system. When it succeeded, she hoped Norway would have the technology that could clean coal-fired plants at a commercially attractive cost. Such technology was crucial for the climate and would benefit public health.



Carbon-capture solutions in clean development mechanism projects could generate a trillion-dollar global business, she said. They would transfer technology and create substantial financial flows to developing countries. The world must work to improve energy efficiency, increase the use of renewable energy, improve agricultural and forestry practices and focus on adaptation, particularly for the least developed countries and small island developing States. A truly global carbon market was needed. The really big investment would come when finance ministers and chief financial officers demanded emission reductions because they were compelled to pay for their carbon dioxide emissions. Failing was not an option, she stressed.



Statements



MALIK AMIN ASLAM, Minister of State for Environment of Pakistan, speaking on behalf of the “Group of 77” developing countries and China, said the relevance of the four themes to poverty eradication and sustained economic growth was well recognized. The Commission on Sustainable Development was uniquely placed to provide policy guidance and coordination, as well as to review progress made in the implementation of internationally agreements, including Agenda 21, the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation and the Barbados Programme of Action. “It is no secret that implementation has been the Achilles’ heel of the global development agenda.”



He said that, in seeking to promote solutions to the challenges of sustainable development, the priority problems of poverty, hunger and underdevelopment should remain at the centre of attention. Energy and industrial development were crucial for eradicating poverty and promoting sustainable development, as was reducing air pollution and combating the effects of climate change. The poorest were the hardest hit and bore the highest costs of environmental degradation and climate change. Developing countries could not tackle the challenges alone. “Working together, in partnerships, premised on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development, is, therefore, important and indispensable.”



For the developing countries to fully cope with the challenges of sustainable development, he said it was important to scale up efforts to effectively implement the global partnership for development, as set out in the Millennium Declaration, the Monterrey Consensus and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, as well as to effectively operationalize the World Solidarity Fund for Poverty. Equally critical was the early, successful and development-oriented conclusion of the Doha Round of trade negotiations and increased resources and access to technology for developing countries. The urgent and effective implementation of the Bali Strategic Plan for Capacity-Building and Technology Transfer would be a good measure to judge Member States’ seriousness in translating commitments into action.



He emphasized that policies and actions must take into consideration the special needs of Africa, the least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States, as well as the needs of countries emerging from conflict. He recognized the extensive difficulties faced by peoples under foreign occupation with respect to sovereignty over, access to and management of natural resources, including energy resources, as well as with respect to sustainable development. The Commission’s fifteenth session should adopt a set of development-oriented policy options and actions, together with a mechanism for their follow-up and implementation, to provide effective and early solutions to the challenges of sustainable development.



SIGMAR GABRIEL, Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety of Germany, speaking on behalf of the European Union, stressed the importance of moving forward on implementation of the Johannesburg objectives. The Commission’s policy cycle offered a unique opportunity to address the key issues of energy for sustainable development, climate change, air pollution and industrial development in an integrated manner. Such issues were at the heart of ensuring long-term sustainable development, particularly fostering progress in poverty eradication and achieving the millennium targets and the Johannesburg commitments.



Environmentally sound, reliable and affordable energy was crucial for the twenty-first century, he said, pointing out that current patterns of energy use were making the world poorer every day. Energy security was becoming a central priority for all nations as a factor for economic growth and stability. But energy security was about more than just securing future oil resources. It included diversification of energy sources, increasing domestic supply to meet the future growth in demand and strengthening efforts to reduce such demand.



The European Union had adopted ambitious targets in February, he continued, deciding on a 20 per cent reduction by 2020 of energy use through increased energy efficiency, a 20 per cent increase by 2020 of renewable energy use and a 10 per cent increase by 2020 of biofuel use. While that was important, it was only a first step. The Paris-based International Energy Agency predicted a more than 50 per cent rise in primary energy demand over the next 25 years. The Commission should recommend the adoption of time-bound targets and commitments at the national and regional levels to increase energy efficiency; monitor the share of renewable energies and energy access; and integrate sustainable energy policies into national planning frameworks by 2010.



Further, he continued, the Commission should endorse a clear and effective review mechanism for energy for sustainable development that would provide a long-term perspective, showcase success stories and reveal gaps and barriers to the expansion of renewable energy, energy efficiency and access to energy services. The Commission should also encourage sustainable production and use of bioenergy, including biofuels, as well as an international platform that would facilitate information-sharing, research cooperation on energy efficiency and discussion of research and financing.



Turning to climate change, he underscored the Union’s willingness to commit to a 30 per cent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 compared to 1990 as part of its contribution to a comprehensive, global agreement for the period beyond 2012, as long as other developed countries followed suit and more economically advanced developing countries contributed according to their respective capacities. A post-2012 agreement was urgently needed. Negotiations on such an agreement must begin at the Thirteenth Conference of the Parties to the Climate Change Convention and should conclude by 2009. Continuation and expansion of a global carbon market was also essential. He expressed extreme alarm over the latest findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change regarding the impact of climate change and its subsequent effect on security due to increased competition for access to energy and water resources. The Commission must complement the work of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in that regard by addressing the links between climate change, energy, industrial development and air pollution.



ANGUS FRIDAY (Grenada), speaking on behalf of the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS), reiterated that the thematic issues, if not adequately addressed, presented serious threats to the security and the sustainable development of small island developing States and threatened the very existence of some of them. The Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action was the primary vehicle for follow-up of commitments to small island developing States. He urged the Commission to include a dedicated section on the Mauritius Strategy in its outcome document. The Alliance would continue to call for more progress in mitigation and adaptation strategies and ask for better accessibility to funding mechanisms by ensuring reduction of transaction costs. He urged the international community to ensure the creation of new and innovative financial mechanisms that were sensitive to the special needs of small island developing States.



Climate change, he said, was of extreme importance to the small island developing States, many of whom had already experienced its impacts. Climate change was not a distant possibility, but a constant reality. The devastating impact on some islands of recent natural disasters was only a snapshot. He urged the international community to support rapid implementation of mitigation measures and called for urgent action to fully operationalize adaptation funds and to simplify access to those funds. Climate change was a barrier to future development and investment in the islands. Their vulnerability to disasters also enhanced the difficulties related to dealing with debt burdens. There was also a need for prompt funding of early warning systems.



He also asked for support in restoration of shore lines and coral reefs, as well as for desalination projects and the protection of agricultural lands. Drawing attention to the marine environment and coral reefs, he said the fisheries provided food globally. The impact of climate change on fisheries was not fully recognized, but global warming threatened fish stocks. Small island developing States recognized that energy was key to economic growth. Dependency on fossil fuel was a particular risk for small island developing States, many of whom had little access to modern energy services.



MARTIN BURSÍK, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Environment of Czech Republic, said his country had devised a number of policies, as well as legal, economic and voluntary instruments, to promote research and development, and to increase public awareness in an effort to implement its commitments under the current thematic cluster. They included the State Energy Strategy, the State Programme to Support Savings and Use of Renewable Energy Sources, the National Programme to Reduce Emissions and the National Programme to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Change in the Czech Republic. Such programmes were regularly evaluated and updated to reflect the latest developments in science, technology and practical experience.



In addition, he said the Czech Republic was preparing an ecological tax reform, a shift away from labour taxation towards taxes on products and services whose production and consumption had negatively impacted the environment and human health. Other reforms focused on promoting increased economic competitiveness and job creation. Such strategies were based on the June 2005 Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Production and Consumption.



The Czech Republic was open to sharing with other nations its experiences in promoting sustainable development as it concerned energy, climate change, air pollution and industry, and sustainable production and consumption, he said. Sustainable development could not be promoted at the national level alone. It must be addressed through effective international development cooperation. His country’s bilateral projects on international development cooperation focused on implementation of multilateral environmental agreement targets, sustainable use of natural resources, renewable energy sources, cleaner production, new environmental technologies and energy efficiency. In financial terms, environment-related projects in the field totalled nearly 33 per cent, and industrial development projects totalled 21 per cent, of the Czech Republic’s 2006 bilateral cooperation budget.



GEORGETTE KOKO, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Environment of Gabon, said that the Commission, at its previous session, had assessed progress achieved in the areas of energy, industry, air pollution and climate change, and had identified the obstacles to sustainable development. The current session should enable the Commission to adopt a resolution that reaffirmed common determination to tackle the obstacles identified.



She noted that, while Gabon was an oil-producing country, it had tried to diversify its energy sources and make cleaner energy available. It produced only lead-free gasoline and had stepped up its programme for electrification by using solar energy and hydropower. As for industrial development, she said Gabon had signed the initiative to strengthen the productive capacities of Africa under the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). Another programme was dedicated to increasing competitiveness of enterprises through better use of energy.



She said her country had adopted a national plan for implementation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutions. Air pollution knew no boundaries. Gabon believed that international cooperation must be strengthened in order to achieve consensus solutions. She welcomed the recent adoption by the United Nations Forum on Forests of a non-binding legal instrument on all types of forests. Sustainable development was a common challenge, she noted, adding that it was important to strengthen international cooperation to attain the Millennium Development Goals. Gabon hoped for more tangible involvement by its development partners in the mobilization of resources for sustainable development.



JACQUELINE CRAMER, Minister for the Environment and Spatial Planning of the Netherlands, said it would take decisive action to tackle the enormous challenges of climate change, energy security and lack of access to energy. The international community would have to live up to the aims of the Commission’s current cycle by expediting collective action. It could not backtrack on the commitments made in Johannesburg. Since the Johannesburg Summit, the need to achieve low-carbon economies had further increased. The Netherlands was doing its part through the “Cleaner and Greener” programme, which aimed to turn the country into one of the most energy-efficient economies in Europe by 2020. A main source of renewables was the use of biofuels and bioenergy. She called for an international dialogue on the sustainable production of biomass. It was important to grasp the economic benefits of using biomass for tackling climate change, while, at the same time, avoiding biodiversity loss and competition with local food production.



To avoid such negative impacts, the Netherlands had developed sustainability criteria for biomass production, she said. She and the Dutch Minister for Development Cooperation were interested in working with producing countries to test the sustainability criteria developed and, thus, illustrate in practice the potential for sustainable biomass production and its certification. It was also essential to expedite action on improving access to energy, and she called on all donors to contribute to that effort. The Netherlands had already set aside a budget to provide access to energy for 10 million people by 2015, particularly targeting women. The Minister for Development Cooperation would make available an additional several hundred million euros for sustainable energy in developing countries. The Commission’s fifteenth session was not the end of the process. The session must give renewed vigour to push forward implementation of the Johannesburg objectives.



PAULA J. DOBRIANSKY, Under Secretary of State for Democracy and Global Affairs of the United States, said today’s theme -- “turning commitments to action” – underscored the unique challenge and opportunity before the Commission. “As we have said throughout this two-year cycle, the measure of success for the UN Commission on Sustainable Development is whether we translate the blueprint that Dr. Brundtland inspired into concrete action that delivers on-the-ground results that improve lives. By that measure, this two-year cycle represents one of the Commission’s most successful efforts to date.” She went on to give examples of partnerships launched at the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development that had helped in making significant progress towards increasing access to modern, clean, healthy and efficient energy services.



She said that, during the current cycle, a number of new partnerships had been launched and Governments had undertaken a number of initiatives at the national level aiming to deliver concrete results. Participants had submitted more than 200 case studies to the Commission’s Matrix -- a practical knowledge-sharing tool with lessons learned and best practices from all corners of the globe. The Commission’s Learning Centre had yet again showcased an innovative way of doing business at the United Nations, providing capacity-building training to hundreds of delegates attending the Commission’s session.



However, she said, much more work was needed to increase access to modern, clean, healthy and efficient energy services. The next two-year cycle was also coming up, focusing on agriculture, rural development, drought, desertification, and land, which were critical components of the sustainable development equation and strongly interlinked with the topics from the last two cycles. The coming cycle would also provide a special opportunity to focus on the urgent needs of the African continent, where more than 300 million people lacked access to safe drinking water; more than 500 million people lacked access to electricity; and nearly 200 million were undernourished.



LEE CHI-BEOM, Minister for Environment of Republic of Korea, said the issues of energy, industrial development, air pollution and climate change were closely linked and should be addressed holistically. Energy use, air pollution and climate change should be treated as integral parts of sustainable development at the national and international levels. It was very important to diversify energy sources in order to achieve sustainable development and energy security. Greater attention must be paid to technological development and to increasing investment to secure alternative energy sources. Meaningful progress in climate change mitigation and adaptation was essential for global sustainable development. It was necessary to discuss flexible schemes that encouraged the broad participation of countries with different levels of development and capabilities when developing a long-term, post-2012 climate change strategy and regime. In that regard, it was necessary to analyze mitigation potential at the national level.



Stressing the importance of climate adaptation, he hoped that the United Nations and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) would expand their roles in helping developing countries strengthen adaptation-relevant institutions and capacity-building with the aim of coping with the effects of climate change. The dust and sandstorm problem in Northeast Asia demonstrated the impact of climate change and unsustainable land use, and had become one of the most prominent environmental issues in the region. He welcomed regional initiatives to address that issue and urged the international community, including the GEF, the Asian Development Bank and other international finance institutions, to support the region’s efforts to restore its ecological balance.



In addressing urban air pollution, it was important to maintain close public-private partnerships to create markets for the best available technologies and clean energies, he continued. For example, prior to 2000, there had been no compressed natural gas buses or refuelling stations in his country. However, thanks to close cooperation with local governments, auto manufacturers and non-governmental organizations, the country was now able to use compressed natural gas fuel in 13,000 buses -- 44 per cent of its national bus fleet. The promotion of free trade could play a major role in sustainable development, if pursued in a manner that reinforced environmental protection. For example, his country had formed a free-trade agreement with the United States that contained strong environmental protection provisions. He supported the Commission’s efforts to support the promotion of open, equitable and non-discriminatory free-trade agreements with a strong commitment to environmental protection.



MOHAMMED SAEED AL KINDI, Minister for Environment and Water of the United Arab Emirates, said his country continued its efforts, on the national, regional and international levels, to implement global commitments to protect the environment and advance sustainable development. It had joined all international and regional treaties on environment and sustainable development, and had entered into a number of regional and international partnerships related to environment and development. In February, it had hosted an international meeting on sustainable energy resources in arid regions, and it was preparing to host the first-ever World Future Energy Summit in January 2008.



He said his country had succeeded in applying zero-emission policies on all oil-related activities, and in expanding the green areas inside the urban and desert areas. His country had also paid serious attention to renewable energy resources. Its sustainable development strategy focused on, among other things, increasing energy efficiency in business projects, and defined the most effective methods for energy consumption. Since energy played an essential role in industrial and agricultural development, it was important to ensure sufficient energy resources to meet the necessary requirements for economic development.



He called on the international community to follow an inclusive, non-selective vision while setting policies and measures related to energy, preservation of the environment and development. It was important to strengthen the international partnership for sustainable development in order to confront the challenges of environment and development.



FERNANDO TUDELA ABAD, Vice-Minister for Planning and Environmental Policy of the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources of Mexico, said his country’s newly elected President had reaffirmed his commitment to sustainable development, making the environment among his top five priorities. Mexico was in the process of integrating environmental policies into the national plans of all Government sectors. This year, Mexico had doubled its budget for the forestry sector, allocating $400 million to expand the “Pro-Arbol” initiative aimed at preserving, restoring and reforesting large areas of Mexican territory and, at the same time, reducing poverty among people living in those areas. Mexico would fulfil its voluntary commitment to plant 250 million trees a year -- about a quarter of the global goal set by the Billion Tree Campaign of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).



Accurate inventories must be developed to control greenhouse gas emissions, he continued. Mexico was the first non-annex I country to have submitted three national communications to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and was among the four countries with the most projects registered under the Clean Development Mechanism, with approved projects in livestock waste management, methane recovery from landfill sites and wind-power generation. In the next few weeks, Mexico would present its national strategy for climate change, which would set national mitigation and adaptation targets.



Regarding energy efficiency, Mexico had developed programmes for standardization and labelling of industrial and domestic electrical equipment, he said. It had also promoted and financed programmes for equipment replacement. Efforts focused on promoting the use of energy-efficient equipment and energy savings for consumers. The main pillars of Mexico’s energy policy were security and quality of energy supply, energy efficiency and diversification of primary energy sources. It aimed to substantially increase renewable energy sources. Despite significant improvement in recent years, air pollution was still a major concern, he added. Air-pollution monitor networks operated today in 25 cities. At the end of 2006, low sulphur gasoline had been introduced in the Mexico City metropolitan area, a measure which would pave the way for swiftly adopting stringent emission standards for new cars.



DU YING, Vice-Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission of China, said the issues before the current session were closely linked with the interests and progress of all countries. The principle of common but differentiated responsibility should be genuinely implemented, he emphasized. To realize global sustainable development, countries should shoulder their responsibilities. The developing countries, based on their own conditions, should choose suitable industrial development paths and energy mixes, improve energy efficiency and increase efforts aimed at environmental protection. Developed countries should take the lead to change unsustainable consumption and production patterns and to fulfil their obligations and commitments.



He said economic development and environmental protection were closely linked. The issue of climate change should be dealt with within the framework of sustainable development. Efforts must be made to genuinely build the capacity of developing countries to enable them to respond to climate change. It was also necessary to enhance international cooperation mechanisms. Achieving sustainable development also required a fair and equitable multilateral trading system. It was desirable for developed and developing countries to engage in joint initiatives, share technologies and enhance international cooperation. Describing measures his country had taken regarding the four issues before the Commission, he said China would continue on its development path, taking into account its population, resources and environment, and promote economic growth patterns that contributed to building an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly society.



ONKOKEME MOKAILA, Minister for Environment, Wildlife and Tourism of Botswana, said the international community could not squander the current enthusiasm for protecting the planet and the opportunities that goodwill had created. Botswana was doing its part. It had ratified the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and had launched initiatives to control and phase out the use of ozone-depleting substances. The Government was also developing a climate change adaptation policy paper to be linked to other development planning initiatives.



Climate change had a great impact on public health worldwide, he said. It was a global concern that must be addressed in a global manner. It would continue to have major consequences on public health in developing countries, in particular where HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis were most prevalent. The poor in the developing world would especially suffer from air pollution, heat waves, drought, malnutrition and the other consequences of climate change. He stressed the importance of including a gender perspective in climate-change policies, saying that a climate vulnerability assessment must adequately reflect the circumstances of women and children.



He said an integrated approach to the session’s four issues -- energy, climate change, industrial development and air pollution -- was needed to enhance effectiveness and achieve maximum benefit. It was crucial to turn into action the commitments made in Rio and Johannesburg. Failure to do so would make it impossible to achieve the Millennium Development Goals. He stressed the importance of research and development of new environmental technologies, technology transfer, capacity-building and public awareness of the damaging effects of air pollution. A global commitment was needed to address such concerns regionally and nationally.



PAAVO VÄYRYNEN, Minister for Foreign Trade and Development of Finland, recalled that his country’s main concern at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development had been implementation and follow-up. Sustainable development should be given a priority within the context of United Nations reform. The Commission on Sustainable Development had done excellent work on many important sectors, but he wondered if it had been able to address sustainable development in a holistic way. There were two key, interrelated issues that should be addressed when promoting sustainable development: rural development and the growth of mega-cities.



He said mega-cities all over the world were more or less unsustainable. Their food, water and energy supplies came from long distances and their waste problems were enormous. Life in mega-city slums was totally inhuman. Lack of rural development led to ever stronger migration to mega-cities. In order to promote sustainable development, there should be effective rural development policies, and the growth of smaller towns and cities should be encouraged. Those policies would promote the goals of sustainable development and give people, especially the poorest, much better living conditions than those resulting from the uncontrolled and unhealthy growth of the mega-cities.



KASEM SNIDVONGS, Minister for Natural Resources and Environment of Thailand, hoped the Commission’s session would conclude with a meaningful resolution aimed at bridging the gap between the recognition of the need for action on sustainable development and actual implementation. The issues before the current session were significantly related to poverty eradication, and their inclusion into mainstream social and economic goals was vital to achieving sustainable development objectives. His Government had adopted “His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej’s Philosophy on Sufficiency Economy” to promote a free and balanced market economy. It stressed the need for sufficient investment at all levels and precautionary measures in social, economic and environmental policies in order to achieve sustainable development.



Energy was crucial for economic development and poverty eradication, he continued. The Thai Government had improved the accessibility, availability and affordability of environmentally sound energy services to all segments of society. The introduction of alternative energy had been slow. Fossil fuels still played a dominant role in the energy mix of developing countries, and would continue to do so for the next several years. During the transition period, advanced and cleaner fossil fuel technologies were needed to pave the way for a cleaner and more efficient energy mix. He urged developed countries that had previously experienced the negative effects of coal use, to provide technical and financial support for advanced and cleaner fossil fuels that significantly contributed to carbon dioxide emission reduction.



Turning to air pollution, he said Thailand had implemented measures, guided by the Montreal Protocol, to phase out chlorofluorocarbons and other ozone-depleting substances. Climate change was probably the most challenging problem facing mankind, but much of what was agreed to had not been effectively implemented. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change provided a feasible path for the international community. Thailand had integrated climate change into its 2007-2010 National Economic and Social Development Plan and its Environmental Quality Management Plan. However, major obstacles remained, such as methane emission from flooding paddy fields. Thailand was a major rice-producing and rice-consuming country. Technologies for methane emission reduction and sustainable rice production were needed to limit negative environmental impacts.



ANDREAS CARLGREN, Minister for the Environment of Sweden, said combating climate change was probably the greatest undertaking confronting mankind. The countries that faced the greatest development challenges were those that would be affected most. The time for global solidarity was now. The Millennium Development Goals could only be achieved if actions related to energy, industrial development and protection of the atmosphere were consistent with the global objective of addressing climate change and other environmental threats. Efforts to reduce the emissions causing global warming must increase. He was concerned that countries tended to urge others to take the first step towards action. “We must not just ask what other countries can do, but what we can do ourselves,” he said.



He said Sweden had a longstanding engagement with developing countries, particularly the least developed ones, on sustainable development. Since the first United Nations conference on the environment in Stockholm in 1972, it had underlined the strong link between safeguarding the environment and achieving sustainable development. Sweden had also shown that economic growth was fully compatible with decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. Since 1990, Sweden’s gross domestic product (GDP) had grown 35 per cent, while carbon dioxide emissions had decreased by 7 per cent. His country would continue to play a significant role in the international efforts to promote sustainable development and combat climate change.



The Commission on Sustainable Development contributed to integrating cross-cutting areas when addressing major issues. One example was gender equality, a precondition for sustainable development. Another was the need for sustainable patterns of consumption and production, which was crucial to address climate change and to achieve sustainable development.



JAANUS TAMKIVI, Minister for Environment of Estonia, said the different energy-related challenges were unevenly distributed among countries. It was necessary to have flexible and pragmatic approaches while adhering to common goals and commitments. Substantial economic growth and an environmentally sustainable path of development could be achieved if relevant economic and fiscal measures were applied. It was essential to design and implement incentives at the national and international levels to promote secure, efficient, transparent and competitive markets for energy, while at the same time reducing energy-related environmental and social problems, particularly those related to climate change and air pollution. Estonia’s ongoing ecological tax reform aimed to create fairer pricing of the use of natural resources, without increasing the total tax burden. The established European Union greenhouse gas trading system was a very promising market-based tool for further increasing energy efficiency and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions.



The Estonian economy was highly dependent on fossil fuels, he continued. The reduction of the negative environmental and social impacts of energy use, as well as the promotion of resource efficiency, together with sustainable production and consumption patterns were among Estonia’s top priorities. Estonia had successfully balanced economic development with environmental protection. Various energy-related measures had led to a substantial decrease in greenhouse gas emissions. Housing-sector reforms had fostered more efficient energy consumption in domestic use. Further promotion of innovation and development of the new carbon capture and sequestration options opened new avenues. Enhancing energy security was important for all countries. Promoting renewable energy sources and increasing energy efficiency, together with implementation of European Union policies and demand-side measures, were promising steps. Estonia was ready to share its positive experience with all interested nations, particularly in the developing world.



ALFONSO PECORARO SCANIO, Minister for the Environment, Land and Sea of Italy, stressed the need to take immediate global action on climate change, and welcomed the Secretary-General’s commitment to play a leading role in helping the international community address that issue. The cost of inaction would exceed the cost of taking early action. The latest projections on carbon dioxide emissions could no longer be ignored. Italy and other European Union members had decided to unilaterally commit themselves to ambitious national targets on carbon dioxide emissions reduction, renewable energy and energy efficiency.



However, he continued, it was also imperative to reach a global agreement on how to address the climate change challenge beyond 2012. Together with mitigation, adaptation deserved specific attention, in particular for small island developing States. The concept of integrated climate risk management might provide a framework for ensuring that adaptation policies and risk-management strategies were carried out in synergy.



He reiterated the call for an urgent increase in investments in renewable energies, energy efficiency and sustainable transport. The development and transfer of technology, within the framework of international environmental cooperation, was crucial. Tackling climate change, modifying the current patterns of production and utilizing energy resources were major challenges that decision-makers must address.



ALZHAN BRALIEV, Vice-Minister of Environmental Protection of Kazakhstan, said his country’s transition to a sustainable path of development was a vital necessity. High economic growth meant that Kazakhstan must lower irrational energy consumption, improve the environment in the Central Asian region and strengthen actions to prevent climate change. In that context, Kazakhstan had signed the Concept of Transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Sustainable Development for the 2007-2024 period, which addressed issues such as economic diversification and included measures to increase life expectancy, among other things.



Kazakhstan held great potential for renewable energy sources, he continued, noting their importance to long-term energy safety. By 2024, no less than 5 per cent of national energy needs would be met by alternative sources. Further, the 2006 Ecological Code encompassed all issues related to environmental protection. Water-resource stability in the Central Asian region was vital, he said, highlighting Kazakhstan’s idea to establish transboundary zones of sustainable development, with one zone located in the Ilek River Basin and flowing through China, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. Environmental stability in his region was of great importance, he said, noting that Kazakhstan was an active member of “Environment for Europe” and “Environment and Sustainable Development in Asia”. His country was ready to host the next world summit on sustainable development in Astana -- “the heart of Eurasia”.



HASSAN YOUNES, Minister for Electricity and Energy of Egypt, said concerted efforts were needed to integrate the three pillars of sustainable development, as agreed upon in several international summits and conferences. Egypt’s long-term strategy on energy for sustainable development was based on policies for diversifying the energy mix, maximum use of natural gas, utilization of available renewable energy resources and continuous improvement in energy-efficiency measures. Ninety-nine per cent of Egypt’s population had access to electricity, but there was growing demand for energy in order to meet development plans and to better protect the environment. Egypt also had wind farms and was developing solar thermal hybrid power.



He said the main obstacles to achieving the Agenda 21 goals included lack of aggressive financing of cleaner energy supply projects; constraining terms linked to the transfer of advanced energy technologies; high cost of alternative, cleaner and more efficient energy technologies; and not enough support for regional cooperation. In order to overcome those difficulties, he hoped that there would be increased international support for regional cooperation activities such as African hydropower. He also hoped the primary energy resources could be diversified in an enhanced way and that technology cooperation programmes could be expanded.



MAMADOU LAMINE, Minster for Planning, Sustainable Development and International Cooperation of Senegal, said that, while there had been some progress, the international community had far to go to achieve the Rio and Johannesburg targets on climate change and sustainable development. The resources available did not meet the current needs to address obstacles at hand. Partnerships to supply adequate resources were essential so that developing countries, particularly in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific, could meet their sustainable development goals. Industrialized nations should bear the greatest responsibility since they were the planet’s biggest polluters. The future of Africa depended on a radical reversal of current trends, as well as appropriate measures to promote and use renewable energy.



He said the President of Senegal was focusing on energy efficiency and security, drawing on the country’s biofuel potential. Biofuels were essential in the fight to end climate change and ensure sustainable development, particularly in non-oil producing countries. The President had devised a brilliant economic formula to redistribute surplus oil profits to non oil-producing countries, he said. Application of that formula could increase investment and contribute to reducing the adverse effects of energy prices, which had caused a loss of 2 per cent of economic growth in Senegal, at a time when the prevalence of poverty was a global concern. It was necessary to find solutions at the subregional, regional and international levels to accelerate access to energy services in remote areas.



Concern over global warming was great for a country like Senegal, where development was tied to economic sectors largely sensitive to the climate, such as agriculture, fishing, tourism and forestry. Senegal lived under the menace of gradually disappearing coastal boundaries, small islands and coastlines, despite important measures taken such as a ban on certain vehicle imports. It was important to translate good intentions into concrete action, particularly through diversification of energy resources; to promote and develop major investment to generate economic activity in poor communities; and to support efforts of developing countries, notably the least developed countries, through international cooperation.



TURKI IBN NASER IBN ABDUL AZIZ AL-SAUD, President of the Meteorology and Environmental Protection Agency of Saudi Arabia, said that, as the largest energy-producing country, Saudi Arabia dealt efficiently with the increased global demand for energy, because the guaranteed and improved access to energy resources and services was essential to achieve poverty eradication and sustainable development. His country’s development plans aimed to enhance the competitiveness of the Saudi products. His Government had integrated industrial activities with its commitment to protect the environment through policies such as self-monitoring programmes for pollution control.



He said his country had worked in partnership with the emissions-producing sectors to enhance ambient air quality and adopted financial incentives and “polluter pays” principles. His country had also taken steps to reduce pollution emissions from different sources, in order to minimize global atmospheric pollution. Addressing the issue of climate change, he recommended improving the efficiency of cleaner energy sources and making them more commercially viable. International support was needed for the establishment of local programmes for achieving energy efficiency and for developing secure and environmentally safe technical alternatives, such as carbon capture and storage techniques.



NIKOLA RUŽINSKI, State Secretary, Ministry for Environmental Protection, Physical Planning and Construction of Croatia, said his country had made important but uneven progress in the area of enterprise and industrial development. The first industrial policy document had been developed in line with sustainable development principles and was being submitted to the Government. As industrial development required the energy sector, Croatia would pay more attention to environmental protection by tapping cleaner energy technologies and increasing energy efficiency, he said, noting that several projects had been co-financed through a recently established fund for environmental protection and energy efficiency. Projects in wind energy, biogas and biofuels production also had been launched.



Croatia strongly supported the fulfilment of the Kyoto targets, he continued, noting that his country’s Parliament had ratified the Protocol several weeks ago and had finished its strategy on fulfilling commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The most appropriate method for achieving sustainable energy use was linked to the development and deployment of new technologies in energy production and consumption.



HUMBERTO ROSA, Secretary of State for the Environment of Portugal, said the global environment was giving undisputable signs of an unsustainable future, indicated by such phenomena as climate change, on which the scientific evidence was unambiguous. The scale of impacts and challenges demanded urgent action and the window of opportunity to take such action was narrowing. Climate change would hamper economic and social development in all countries, as well as the achievement of poverty reduction and the Millennium Development Goals.



He said climate change was caused by unsustainable behaviour, in particular regarding energy. Relying on fossil fuels was an unsustainable policy that also led to climate change. Sustainable energy meant renewable energy that fostered energy security. As fossil fuels would still be used for a long time, it was important to use them in cleaner and more efficient ways. Renewable energy was necessary for sustainable development and, as a side effect, would produce less pollution. His country was trying to live up to the commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and, to that end, had taken measures across all sectors of the country. It was also strengthening policies on renewable energy such as wind power, which was attracting growing investments and provided for growing employment opportunities.



JOSEF PROLL, Federal Minister for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management of Austria, said environmental protection could only be successful when integrated into all other Government policies. The Austrian Government had agreed to double by 2020 the share of renewable energy usage to 45 per cent, to improve energy efficiency by 20 per cent and to increase the share of alternative fuels to 20 per cent. Nuclear energy was not a form of sustainable energy and should not be used to meet growing energy demands. Rather, the international community should build on increased use of renewable energies, energy efficiency and savings, as well as alternative fuels, to meet climate change goals. Successful environmental protection required firm and strong international engagement.



Ministers participating in the Commission’s work must promote integrated climate change policies, he said. Austria had offered to be the host of the meeting of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol, and of the workshop under the dialogue on long-term cooperative action to address climate change by enhancing implementation of the United Nations Climate Change Convention. He called on all delegations to actively participate in those meetings later this year. Environmental protection was a growth market and an ever increasing opportunity to secure and create jobs. The market for products and services related to environmental protection was steadily growing. Those close links must be reflected in international policies and in the upcoming World Trade Organization negotiations. He added that it was necessary to strike a balance between energy supply and agricultural policies.



MONYANE MOLELEKI, Minister of Natural Resources of Lesotho, said his country was encouraged that the Secretary-General had appointed very capable Envoys for Climate Change. His country had taken initiatives indicative of its struggle to comply with all United Nations and international initiatives addressing sustainable development and industrial development, while also taking care of the environment and reducing air pollution. Lesotho’s Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper included all elements of sustainable development and industrial development, as well as measures to prevent air pollution. He had no doubt that, by 2015, his country would meet most, if not all, of the Millennium Development Goals. Lesotho had an abundance of water and sun, which were good sources of environmentally friendly energy.



IAN PEARSON, Minister for Climate Change and Environment of the United Kingdom, stressed that the need to take action had become more urgent. The Commission’s fourteenth session had taken stock of progress on the critical issues of sustainable energy and development, and industrial air pollution. He said he was hearing the message over and over again that the international community must do better to address climate change concerns. The report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change had stated that the current level of activity was unacceptable. Much more needed to be done now, and the Commission’s current session offered a unique opportunity to do just that. Echoing the sentiments of Germany’s Minister, who had spoken earlier in the day on behalf of the European Union, he said the ministers at the session must agree on some central action, including through country-level development plans and assistance strategies, to enable all countries to achieve the millennium targets and the Johannesburg commitments.



Energy supply and access were crucial, he continued. Nations should agree to share experiences and best practices on how to increase energy efficiency and promote development of renewable energy and cleaner technologies that would contribute to reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions while supporting job creation. He underscored the importance of taking each country’s specific needs and situation into account. The European Union had developed its own time-bound targets and was working to provide capacity-building and finance. He stressed the importance of utilizing clean energy mechanisms.



SOLEDAD BLANCO, Director of International Affairs in the European Commission’s Directorate General for Environment, said there was now a global scientific consensus that climate change was here, that it was man-made, and that its consequences would be catastrophic. All developed countries must reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by 30 per cent by 2020. Independently of action by others, members of the European Commission had taken the decision to reduce emissions by 20 per cent by 2020. The European Community was also working with partners across the world, and notably with African partners. For example, the European Union-Africa Infrastructure Partnership would support regional energy infrastructure by focusing on national, regional and continental interconnection. Another initiative, worth €220 million, would finance energy services for rural areas.



She said members were also proud of the initiative to set up a global fund to finance renewable and energy efficiency technologies in developing countries through risk capital -- the GEEREF initiative (Global Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Fund). Initial funding of €80 million had already been secured.



ELIZABETH THOMPSON, Minister of Energy and Environment of Barbados, said that her country continued to meet its international obligations to the multilateral environment agreements it had signed and to the sustainable development agenda. It had achieved significant progress using its own resources, including frameworks such as the national sustainable development policy and an energy policy that emphasized conservation, efficiency, equity, participation and overall improvement of the quality of life. Progress was also attributed to a shift to renewable energy with time-bound targets irrespective of whether fossil fuel costs dropped, and a transition to a low-carbon economy using natural gas as the preferred fossil fuel. Barbados was well on its way to achieving the millennium targets. Such critical policy elements had been integrated into national policy through implementation of the first phases of the Prime Minister’s Green Economy Policy. Barbados had accomplished all that despite being a low emitter of greenhouse gases.



Since the 1970s, Bar

May 9, 2007 | 6:12 PM Comments  0 comments



Climate change and development must be tackled together – Ban Ki
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Haiti


Climate change and development must be tackled together – Ban Ki-moon
9 May 2007 – Climate change, industrialization, air pollution and the need to boost clean energy supplies for developing countries are urgent global challenges that must be addressed in concert, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said today as he opened a gathering of dozens of environmental ministers at United Nations Headquarters in New York.

“Energy, climate change, industrial development and air pollution are critical items on the international agenda. Addressing them in unison creates many win-win opportunities and is crucial for sustainable development,” Mr. Ban told the high-level meeting of the Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD).

In the area of energy, which provides the particular focus for the current session that runs from 30 April to 11 May, the Secretary-General noted that about 1.6 billion people lack access to electricity, and 2.4 billion people do not have modern energy services for cooking and heating.

“We must do more to use and develop renewable energy sources,” he said, calling for unified efforts that could create benefits on all fronts.

“Greater energy efficiency is also vital,” he stressed. “So are cleaner energy technologies – including advanced fossil fuel and renewable energy technologies – which can create jobs, boost industrial development, reduce air pollution and help to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.”

With climate, energy and sustainability issues priorities for his term as Secretary-General, Mr. Ban pledged to tighten coordination on the issues.

“The United Nations system has taken steps to respond to these challenges in an integrated and coherent way,” he said. “We need to mainstream energy and climate issues more deeply into our programmes and activities, and to strengthen inter-agency cooperation on specific activities,” he added.

This year’s CSD marks the 20th anniversary of the Brundtland Commission report, Our Common Future, which was seen as a landmark document on sustainable development.

Addressing today’s meeting after the Secretary-General, Gro Harlem Brundtland – a former Norwegian prime minister and director-general of the UN World Health Organization (WHO) – said that while some progress had been made on poverty in years since the report, billions still fight for survival at the same time that climate change looms.

“We must move forward on a broad front,” Ms. Brundtland said, advocating the development of a truly global carbon market and serious measures to enable developing countries to “leap-frog” to clean development.

With increased political will, “we stand on the threshold of a new, green economy,” she added. “This is our calling and it can be done,” she said, concluding that “failure is not an option.”

Following Ms. Brundtland’s presentation, some 30 of the assembled ministers made statements, agreeing that halting the degradation of the earth’s environment and providing energy and development to the poor were equally crucial, and urging coordinated action from the international community.

“It is no secret that implementation has been the Achilles heel of the global development agenda,” Malik Amin Aslam, Pakistan’s Minister of State for the Environment, said on behalf of the Group of 77 developing countries. “Ironically, the implementation of what has already been agreed to globally also remains the biggest challenge to sustainable development.”

Like other ministers from developing countries, Mr. Aslam noted that the poorest were the hardest hit by environmental degradation and climate change, and that developing countries could not tackle the challenges alone. “Working together, in partnerships, premised on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities in protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development, is, therefore, important and indispensable,” he said.

Meanwhile, on the sidelines of today’s ministerial meeting, Dr. Anna Tibaijuka, Executive Director of UN-HABITAT, briefed reporters on climate change from the perspective of cities and towns.

Ms. Tibaijuka noted that 60 per cent of greenhouse gases come from cities, and many cities are vulnerable to rising sea levels and other threats from climate change. Nearly one third of the urban poor are victims of climate change whose rural lifestyles are no longer viable.

“Without sustainable urbanization, sustainable development will prove to be illusive,” she stressed.

Also coinciding with the current CSD session, the UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), today announced the launch of a new website to promote the use of bioenergy.

The website is the Internet home of Global Bioenergy Partnership (GBEP), whose Secretariat is hosted by FAO in Rome and which encourages the sustainable use of “green” fuels, with particular focus on developing countries.

May 9, 2007 | 4:17 PM Comments  0 comments



Wednesday 09 May 2007-Ban Calls For Urgent Action To Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Haiti


Wednesday 09 May 2007-Ban Calls For Urgent Action To Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Climate change is a matter of urgency that requires sustained, concerted, high level attention.

what Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said Wednesday in remarks to a high-level segment of the Commission on Sustainable Developmentn now meeting in New York.
He says climate change has broad impacts not just on the environment, but also on economic and social development and should be a concern to all countries – rich and poor.

" The world urgently needs to step up action to mitigate green-house gas emissions. Industrialized countries need to make deeper emission reductions. There needs to be further engagement of developing countries, as well as incentives for them to limit their emissions while safeguarding economic growth and poverty eradication."

The Secretary-General says a major push is needed to generate new technologies for combating climate change and to make existing renewable technologies economically viable.


May 9, 2007 | 3:58 PM Comments  0 comments



Salutations
About this event: 15th Commission on Sustainable Development
Related to country: Haiti


Salut à tout le monde !

February 15, 2007 | 3:56 PM Comments  0 comments

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